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Special Driving Conditions (Chapter 9)

TL;DR

Slow down, increase spacing, use appropriate lighting, and make gentle inputs; know skid basics and that bridges freeze first.

Scope

Adaptation strategies for night, rain, fog, snow/ice, and reduced traction events; skid recovery basics. Verify any recommended speed adjustments or chain/tire requirements in official guide.

Learning Objectives

  • Adjust speed, spacing, and lighting for adverse conditions.
  • Apply traction management in rain, snow, ice.
  • Execute basic skid recovery (steering into direction of travel).
  • Recognize early hazard indicators in reduced visibility.

1. Night Driving

  • Increase following distance.
  • Use high beams when appropriate; dim for oncoming traffic.
  • Heighten peripheral scanning for pedestrians or animals.

2. Rain & Hydroplaning Risk

Hydroplaning diagram: tires lifted by water layer, showing reduced traction area beneath tires.
Reduce speed before standing water; loss of grip demands smooth corrections.
  • Slow before standing water.
  • Increase gap; gentle steering & braking.
  • If hydroplaning: ease off accelerator, steer straight until traction returns.

3. Fog

  • Use low beams (avoid high beam glare).
  • Reduce speed; maintain larger cushion.
  • Focus on road edge lines for guidance.

4. Snow & Ice

  • Gentle inputs: accelerate/brake/steer smoothly.
  • Increase following distance substantially.
  • Bridges freeze first—approach cautiously.

5. Skid Basics

  • Rear-wheel skid: Steer in direction you want front to go; avoid brakes until stability returns.
  • Front-wheel skid: Ease off accelerator; steer where you want to go; allow tires to regain grip.

Quick Self-Check

  • Why low beams in fog?
  • Hydroplaning response?
  • Bridge surface hazard in winter?

Proceed to quiz.

3 things to remember

  • Use low beams in fog; high beams cause glare.
  • If hydroplaning: ease off accelerator and steer straight until traction returns.
  • Snow/ice: gentle inputs and much larger following distances; bridges freeze first.

Quick Flashcards

Quick Review

Why low beams in fog? High beams reflect and create glare; low beams improve visibility.
What to do if you hydroplane? Ease off the accelerator and steer straight until traction returns.
Winter bridge hazard? Bridges freeze first; slow and be gentle with inputs.